Analysis of the Mechanism of Deep Groove Ball Bearing Lubrication on Friction and Wear

The friction mechanism of bearings is significantly different from other bearings, and the friction mainly depends on factors such as radial load, oscillation frequency, oscillation frequency, oscillation angle, contact surface temperature, and surface roughness. Generally, deep groove ball bearings generate friction due to the relative sliding of the inner and outer rings during movement, resulting in higher friction force; Other bearings, on the other hand, experience friction when the liner layer slides relative to the inner or outer ring during movement, resulting in a smaller coefficient of friction. Research has shown that under the same conditions, there are significant differences in the friction coefficient of bearings made of different materials, especially in the liner material.

With the continuous development of bearings, their wear mechanism and form are also changing. During the working process, generally lubricated bearings experience continuous loss of material on the working surface layer due to the relative sliding of the inner and outer rings, resulting in the bearing not functioning properly. The main forms of wear include adhesive wear, abrasive wear, and corrosive wear. The wear of deep groove ball bearings is caused by the relative sliding of the liner with the inner and outer rings during operation, which leads to the detachment, tearing, extrusion and other failure forms of the liner, resulting in the bearing not working properly.

The role of bearing lubrication can be briefly explained as follows:

a. A layer of oil film is formed between the two rolling or sliding surfaces in contact to separate the two surfaces, reducing friction and wear on the contact surfaces.

b. When using oil lubrication, especially when using circulating oil lubrication, oil mist lubrication, and oil spray lubrication, the lubricating oil can take away most of the friction heat inside the deep groove ball bearing, playing an effective heat dissipation role.

c. When using grease lubrication, it can prevent external dust and other foreign objects from entering the bearing, playing a sealing role.

d. Lubricants have the effect of preventing metal corrosion.

e. Extend the fatigue life of bearings.

As is well known, its working surface always has a micrometer head pressed against the appropriate part of the deep groove ball bearing end face or shaft, even if the bearing parts are processed using the highest modern manufacturing technology. The method of observing the variation of its reading with preload. The pre tightening method has its disadvantages, such as increasing the friction torque, increasing temperature rise, and shortening service life of imported bearings. Therefore, comprehensive consideration should be given to small geometric errors with varying levels. When measuring the clearance of roller bearings and measuring the clearance, the shaft or bearing box needs to rotate several times in different directions to ensure proper contact between the deep groove ball bearing at the end of the ball and the guide edge on the inner ring.

The continuous thinning of the self-lubricating layer leads to an increase in the depth of bearing wear. From this, it can be seen that the reason for bearing failure is that it is constantly squeezed out during the swing process, resulting in a decrease in lubrication function and ultimately leading to wear of the woven matrix material.

Diagnosis and maintenance methods for vibration faults of deep groove ball bearings during operation

The operation of slowly increasing bearing temperature, usually. 1-2 hours to reach a stable state. The normal temperature of deep groove ball bearings varies depending on the mechanical, thermal, speed, and thermal capacity of the load. If lubricated, with appropriate equipment, the temperature of the bearings will rapidly rise, resulting in abnormally high temperatures. If necessary, stop operation and take necessary preventive measures. Based on a large amount of test data, the average temperature values of various mechanical operations at the outer ring of the bearing are listed for reference. Through lubrication, the values in the table represent approximate temperature ranges due to temperature, speed, load, and environment.

When disassembling the bearing for inspection, first use photography and other methods to make appearance records. In addition, imported bearings need to confirm the amount of remaining lubricant and sample the lubricant before cleaning deep groove ball bearings.

a. The cleaning of bearings can be divided into rough cleaning and fine cleaning, and metal mesh frames can be placed at the bottom of the containers used for bearings.

b. During rough cleaning, use a brush or other tool to remove lubricating grease or adhesive in the oil. If the deep groove ball bearing is rotated in oil at this time, be careful not to damage the rolling surface due to foreign objects and other factors.

c. During fine cleaning, slowly rotate the bearing in oil and carefully perform it.

The commonly used cleaning agents are neutral non aqueous diesel or kerosene, and sometimes warm alkaline solution is also used as needed. Regardless of the type of cleaning agent used, it is important to filter regularly to maintain cleanliness.

In order to determine whether the removed bearings can be reused, German bearings should focus on checking their dimensional accuracy, rotational accuracy, internal clearance, mating surfaces, raceway surfaces, cages, and sealing rings.

The vibration of bearings during operation can be identified and inspected. Bearing vibration is very sensitive to the damage of deep groove ball bearings, such as peeling, indentation, rust, cracks, wear, etc., which can be reflected in the vibration measurement of bearings. By using a special bearing vibration measuring device (frequency analyzer, etc.), the magnitude of vibration can be measured, and the specific abnormal situation cannot be inferred through frequency analysis. The measured values vary depending on the usage conditions of the bearings or the position of the sensor device, so it is necessary to analyze and compare the measured values of each machine in advance to determine the judgment criteria.

The main causes of bearing vibration faults include friction and mechanical aspects. Sometimes it's a single friction problem, sometimes it's a single mechanical problem, and sometimes it's a combination of two factors. The vibration caused by a single friction or mechanical reason is easy to determine, and the vibration problem caused by the combined action of the two factors is difficult to analyze. It is relatively easy to distinguish between vibration caused by friction and mechanical factors. If the vibration disappears immediately after the deep groove ball bearing stops rotating, it is a frictional problem; If the vibration slowly disappears, it is caused by mechanical factors. If two factors work together, it is possible to observe what faults disappear and what faults are still working at the moment of power outage.