Bearings are relatively unfamiliar to most of us, but they are also commonly encountered in our daily lives, but we are not familiar with them. For example, there are bearings on tire bearings in children's toy cars, refrigerators, and air conditioning engines. The main types of bearings we commonly use are: deep groove ball bearings, angular contact ball bearings, self aligning roller bearings, and thrust self aligning roller bearings, There are six types of cylindrical roller bearings and thrust self-aligning roller bearings, in order to ensure the correct installation and use of bearings.

1、 Installation matters for deep groove ball bearings

Deep groove ball bearing

1. When installing bearings, the force should be uniform and direct hammering is not allowed. For example, if the fit interference is large, the bearing should be heated in an automatic temperature controlled air heating furnace or oil furnace, and the heating temperature should be strictly controlled below 120 ° C.

2. Bearings equipped with nylon cages can operate continuously and stably for a long time at -40 ° -120 ° C. They should not work for more than 4 hours at 150 ° C, and the short-term temperature peak should not exceed 180 ° C.

3. The warehouse for storing bearings should be clean, dry, and not stored together with chemical products. The relative humidity should not exceed 65%, and bearings should not be stored on the ground.

4. Inventory bearings should be cleaned again every other year and undergo rust proof packaging.   

2、 Installation precautions for angular contact ball bearings

Angular contact ball bearing

1. When installing bearings, the force should be uniform and direct hammering is not allowed. For example, if the fit interference is large, the bearing should be heated in an automatic temperature controlled air heating furnace or oil furnace, and the heating temperature should be strictly controlled below 100 ° C.

2. Bearings equipped with nylon cages can operate continuously and stably for a long time at -40 ° -120 ° C, and should not exceed 4 hours at 150 ° C. The transient temperature peak can reach 180 ° C.

3. The warehouse for storing bearings should be clean, dry, and not stored together with chemical products. The relative humidity should not exceed 65%, and bearings should not be stored on the ground.  

3、 Installation precautions for self-aligning roller bearings

Self aligning roller bearing

1. Users should choose the appropriate fit and bearing clearance according to the usage requirements. After unpacking, please check the bearing code first.

Before installing the bearing, if grease needs to be added to the bearing, the grease must be clean and in moderation.

3. It is advisable not to directly hammer the inner and outer ring end faces and rollers during installation to avoid cracking the inner ring or middle and small retaining edges. Usually, users should put the bearing into mineral oil and heat it to 90 ° -100 ° before immediately installing the spindle. Do not use local spray burning method for bearings, and users should also use special sleeves for installation when it is difficult to "hot install".

4. During the use of bearings, there should be good sealing and dust prevention devices and lubrication, and oil should not be cut off.

5. The bearing warehouse should be clean, dry, and free from environmental pollution. The bearings should not be stacked on the ground, and the packaging should not be damaged. Bearings with inventory exceeding 1 year must be cleaned and oiled again.    

4、 Installation matters for thrust self-aligning roller bearings

Thrust self-aligning roller bearing

When installing bearings, the bearing oil seal should be cleaned and then coated with clean, high-quality lubricating oil.

When installing bearings, the force should be uniform and hammering is not allowed. If the fit interference is large, the bearing should be heated to 90 ° -100 ° in mineral oil and immediately installed.

3. The warehouse for storing bearings should be clean and tidy, with a relative humidity not exceeding 65%.

4. Inventory bearings should be cleaned and oiled every other year, and the oil seal packaging should be kept in good condition.

5. When using bearings, there should be good sealing and dust prevention devices, and the working condition should be checked regularly.   

5、 Installation precautions for cylindrical roller bearings

Cylindrical roller bearing

1. The bearing is a separate type, and users can adjust the clearance according to their needs during installation.

2. Before use, bearings should be cleaned with gasoline or kerosene and kept well lubricated.

3. When installing bearings, they should be pressed into the components and strictly prohibited from being knocked.

4. The storage area of bearings should be clean and ventilated to avoid dampness. Bearings that require long-term storage should be regularly rust-proof.

6、 Installation matters for thrust ball bearings

Thrust ball bearing

When installing bearings, the bearing seal should be removed, cleaned, and then coated with clean, high-quality lubricating oil.

When installing bearings, the force should be uniform and hammering is not allowed. If the fit interference is large, the bearing should be heated to 90 ° -100 ° in mineral oil and immediately installed.

3. The warehouse for storing bearings should be clean and tidy, with a relative humidity not exceeding 65%.

4. Inventory bearings should be cleaned and oiled every other year, and the oil seal packaging should be kept in good condition.

5. When using bearings, there should be good sealing and dust prevention devices, and the working condition should be checked regularly.   

7、 Detailed introduction of the basic installation requirements for four row tapered roller bearings

The basic requirements for installation are: specially trained installation personnel should check the shape and positional tolerance of the bearing mating surface, maintain the cleanliness of the installation site, and open the bearing packaging after the installation preparation is completed. Do not clean the anti rust oil of the bearing.

(1) Configuration of bearing components. Open the bearing packaging, do not wash off the rust preventive oil, check the bearing components, ensure that the bearing components are complete, have the same production year, and have letters indicating the production serial number and installation sequence. The bearing mating surface is marked with four bearing areas separated by 90 ° between I and IV, and the bearing area is marked on the outer diameter of the axial etching line outer ring.

(2) The mating surface of the bearing. In order to prevent friction and corrosion on the mating surface of the roller neck and bearing seat, it is necessary to apply a thin layer of installation paste to it, fix the end cover of the roller body end on the bearing seat with bolts, and place the bearing seat opening upwards on a flat support.

(3) Open bearing. Firstly, with the E-end facing downwards, lift the outer ring D-E and outer spacer ring D into the bearing seat, and then lift the components in the given order before placing them into the bearing seat. Pay attention to aligning the bearing area, and the installed components must be in full contact with the front components, without tilting or tilting.

(4) Installation of open bearings with stamped cages. For bearings with stamped cages, place the inner race E-Ce flat on the support (E-end facing down), and then place each component one by one in the correct order. Use a lifting device to install the complete bearing components into the bearing seat, ensuring that the bearing area I is correctly aligned. Insert the inner race E-Ce (E end facing downwards), inner spacer C (positioning edge downwards), double row outer race B-D, and outer spacer B into the bearing seat. Install the inner race A-Ca and single row outer race A-B into the bearing seat to ensure correct alignment of the bearing area I. The pin through cage bearing can be installed using a lifting device similar to a stamped cage bearing.   

(5) Installation of sealed bearings. Install sealed tapered roller bearings using a special lifting device. Assemble the bearing components completely on the lifting device in the given order. Firstly, install the sealing ring E. When installing the grease lubricated bearing, it is necessary to manually lubricate the roller and cage combination. Ensure that the bearing area I is correctly aligned and install the assembled complete bearing into the bearing seat.

(6) Rotating bearings. Gently install the second end cover (do not lock the bolts) on the bearing seat in a symmetrical position on the circumference with 4 bolts. Rotate the bearing seat to a horizontal position, and fix the fixture on the inner ring end face with a pull rod. Initially, be lighter, as the fixture can only contact the inner ring end face. For sealed bearings, the lifting device is also used as a fixture. Gradually tighten the pull rod and end cover bolts, and slowly and evenly rotate the inner ring until it fits perfectly with the inner spacer C without any gaps. Use a feeler gauge to measure the gap S between the end cover and the bearing seat, and determine the sealing thickness B. Rigid seal B=S - (0.05-0.1) mm; Elastic seal B=1.2Smm.

(7) Install the seal. Loosen the end cover bolts and remove the end cover, insert the required thickness of seal into the end cover, apply lubricating grease to the inner ring hole, and complete the installation.

(8) Heat the labyrinth seal ring in an oil bath and push it together with the O-ring onto the roller neck. During the cooling process of the labyrinth seal ring, it must be tightly pressed onto the end face of the roller.

(9) Push the assembled bearing seat onto the roller neck, regularly check the effectiveness of the sealing of the bearing seat and the bearing temperature. After working for 1000-1200 hours, change the bearing's bearing area. Record all maintenance and testing work of the bearings on the rolling bearing inspection card. Change the bearing bearing bearing area, disassemble the bearing in the reverse order of installation, carefully clean the bearing components, immediately apply oil, visually inspect the raceway and rollers for damage, check the axial clearance, pack the bearing with new grease, install the bearing according to the installation instructions, and proceed to the next bearing area.

When changing the bearing area for the first time, rotate the outer ring 180 ° to the bearing area III; Rotate 90 ° for the second time to bearing zone IV; Rotate 180 ° to II for the third time. For tapered roller bearings with seals, after working for 300h, 600h, and 900h respectively, perform supplementary inspection according to the following steps: remove the bearing seat and remove the end cover, check the amount and status of grease in the bearings and labyrinth seals. If the grease discolors or becomes contaminated, fill the bearings and labyrinth seals with new grease. Carefully inspect the bearing seal and replace it even if there is slight damage. Record all maintenance and testing work on the bearing on the rolling bearing inspection card.